Important CVSS 5.5 EPSS 0.00285 🔬 Patch diffed 2026-07 archive

Executive Summary

Access of resource using incompatible type ('type confusion') in Composite Image File System Driver allows an authorized attacker to disclose information locally.

Overview

5.5
CVSS MEDIUM
Important
MS Severity
Not Exploited
MS Exploit Status
Less Likely
MS Exploit Likelihood
Category Information Disclosure
Released Jul 14 2026
Last Updated Jul 14 2026
Publicly Disclosed No
CISA KEV Not Listed
Known Exploits None Known
EPSS Score 0.00285 — 0.20904 percentile
NVD CVSS 5.5 MEDIUM — matches MSRC

CVSS Vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N/E:U/RL:O/RC:C
ATTACK VECTOR
Local
ATTACK COMPLEXITY
Low
PRIVILEGES REQUIRED
Low
USER INTERACTION
None
SCOPE
Unchanged
CONFIDENTIALITY
High
INTEGRITY
None
AVAILABILITY
None
EXPLOIT CODE MATURITY
Unproven
REMEDIATION LEVEL
Official Fix
REPORT CONFIDENCE
Confirmed
Temporal Score: 4.8

EPSS Score

0.00285
probability of exploitation in the next 30 days
0.20904 percentile - updated 2026-08-14
View on FIRST.org

Affected Products

15 affected products
Product KB Article Severity Impact Restart Required
Windows 10 Version 21H2 for 32-bit Systems 5099539 (Security Update) Important Information Disclosure Yes
Windows 10 Version 21H2 for ARM64-based Systems 5099539 (Security Update) Important Information Disclosure Yes
Windows 10 Version 21H2 for x64-based Systems 5099539 (Security Update) Important Information Disclosure Yes
Windows 10 Version 22H2 for 32-bit Systems 5099539 (Security Update) Important Information Disclosure Yes
Windows 10 Version 22H2 for ARM64-based Systems 5099539 (Security Update) Important Information Disclosure Yes
Windows 10 Version 22H2 for x64-based Systems 5099539 (Security Update) Important Information Disclosure Yes
Windows 11 Version 24H2 for ARM64-based Systems 5101650 (Security Update) Important Information Disclosure Yes
Windows 11 Version 24H2 for x64-based Systems 5101650 (Security Update) Important Information Disclosure Yes
Windows 11 Version 25H2 for ARM64-based Systems 5101650 (Security Update) Important Information Disclosure Yes
Windows 11 Version 25H2 for x64-based Systems 5101650 (Security Update) Important Information Disclosure Yes
Windows 11 Version 26H1 for ARM64-based Systems 5101649 (Security Update) Important Information Disclosure Yes
Windows 11 version 26H1 for x64-based Systems 5095051 (Security Update) Important Information Disclosure Yes
Windows Server 2022 5099540 (Security Update) Important Information Disclosure Yes
Windows Server 2025 5099536 (Security Update) Important Information Disclosure Yes
Windows Server 2025 (Server Core installation) 5099536 (Security Update) Important Information Disclosure Yes

Patches

6 patches
Article Type Restart
5099539 Security Update Yes
5101650 Security Update Yes
5101649 Security Update Yes
5095051 Security Update Yes
5099540 Security Update Yes
5099536 Security Update Yes

Patch Diff

ghidriff · cimfs.sys (KB5101650)

Type confusion (CWE-843) in the Windows Composite Image File System driver cimfs.sys directory-query path, local information disclosure of file metadata. cimfs.sys mounts composite image (.cim) volumes (used by MSIX / containers / WSA); a directory-control query (IRP_MJ_DIRECTORY_CONTROL) on a mounted CIM volume is handled by CimFs::DispatchVolumeDirectoryControl, which uses an internal directory-query object/cursor to walk the composite image's directory entries and return FILE_*_DIRECTORY_INFORMATION metadata to the caller. PRE: the handler consumed that internal object without validating its type tag, so on a crafted / unexpected-state CIM volume an object of a different type was interpreted as the expected directory-query structure, and its fields were read at the wrong offsets/types - a type confusion that returned incorrect file metadata (disclosing adjacent object/metadata contents) to a local caller. Diff of cimfs.sys 10.0.26100.8737 -> .8875 (Jul 14 2026, KB5101650) confirms the fix: gated behind CFR flag Feature_4078681401, CimFs::DispatchVolumeDirectoryControl now validates the object's type/validity before use - checking a type magic (*psVar4 == 0x5452) and a flag bit at offset 0xe8 ((flags & 0x10) == 0 branches away) - so a mis-typed object is no longer consumed as the directory-query structure, closing the type confusion. Note: DispatchVolumeDirectoryControl is confirmed code-changed under Feature_4078681401 with the added type/flag validation; the precise field semantics (0x5452 magic, +0xe8 flag) are stated at confirmed-changed level.

Pre-patch version 10.0.26100.8737 Download
Post-patch version 10.0.26100.8875 Download
Function Address Change Note
CimFs::DispatchVolumeDirectoryControl code change code (object type/validity validated before use, CFR-gated) Pre: the internal directory-query object/cursor was used without a type check, so a different-typed object could be read as the directory-query structure -> type confusion leaking file metadata. Post (Feature_4078681401): validates a type magic (*psVar4 == 0x5452) and a flag bit at +0xe8 ((flags & 0x10)==0 -> branch away) before consuming the object.
CimFs::NotifyChangeDirectory code change code (adjacent directory-notify path updated) Directory-change notification path updated alongside the query handler under the same gate.
Feature_4078681401 gate added (CFR gate) CFR flag gating the object type/validity validation; the original unchecked path still ships when disabled.
View full diff report View RCA report

Attack Path

A directory query on a crafted CIM volume consumes an internal object without a type check, reading file metadata at the wrong type

Attack path for CVE-2026-50381 A directory query on a crafted CIM volume consumes an internal object without a type check, reading file metadata at the wrong type 01 — ENTRY Local user mounts/queries a composite image (.cim) volume cimfs.sys CimFs::DispatchVolumeDirectoryControl handles the IRP_MJ_DIRECTORY_CONTROL query. AV:L/PR:L/AC:L. 02 — CONTROLLED INPUT Presents a crafted / unexpected-state CIM so the internal query object is not the expected type The directory-query cursor/object backing the enumeration is of a different type than assumed. 03 — MISSING CHECK Handler uses the object without validating its type (CWE-843) Fields are read at the directory-query structure's offsets on a mis-typed object -> incorrect/adjacent file metadata. 04 — PATH Wrong-typed metadata is returned to the caller FILE_*_DIRECTORY_INFORMATION built from the mis-typed object discloses unintended metadata. 05 — PRIMITIVE File-metadata information disclosure The Jul 2026 fix (Feature_4078681401) validates the object's type magic (0x5452) and flag bit before use.

Derived from the patch delta: the checks added by the vendor identify which fields crossed a trust boundary unvalidated. Reachability and privilege are taken from the call chain in the RCA report.

Exploits & PoC

Detection Rules

Acknowledgments