Windows Message Queuing
CVE-2023-21554 — Microsoft Message Queuing (MSMQ) Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Executive Summary
None
Overview
9.8
CVSS CRITICAL
Critical
MS Severity
Not Exploited
MS Exploit Status
More Likely
MS Exploit Likelihood
CVSS Vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:U/RL:O/RC:C
ATTACK VECTOR
Network
ATTACK COMPLEXITY
Low
PRIVILEGES REQUIRED
None
USER INTERACTION
None
SCOPE
Unchanged
CONFIDENTIALITY
High
INTEGRITY
High
AVAILABILITY
High
EXPLOIT CODE MATURITY
Unproven
REMEDIATION LEVEL
Official Fix
REPORT CONFIDENCE
Confirmed
Temporal Score: 8.5
EPSS Score
0.95454
probability of exploitation in the next 30 days
0.99861 percentile - updated 2026-07-25
View on FIRST.org
Affected Products
25 affected products
| Product | KB Article | Severity | Impact | Restart Required |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Windows 10 for 32-bit Systems | 5025234 (Security Update) |
Critical | Remote Code Execution | Yes |
| Windows 10 for x64-based Systems | 5025234 (Security Update) |
Critical | Remote Code Execution | Yes |
| Windows 10 Version 1607 for 32-bit Systems | 5025228 (Security Update) |
Critical | Remote Code Execution | Yes |
| Windows 10 Version 1607 for x64-based Systems | 5025228 (Security Update) |
Critical | Remote Code Execution | Yes |
| Windows 10 Version 1809 for 32-bit Systems | 5025229 (Security Update) |
Critical | Remote Code Execution | Yes |
| Windows 10 Version 1809 for ARM64-based Systems | 5025229 (Security Update) |
Critical | Remote Code Execution | Yes |
| Windows 10 Version 1809 for x64-based Systems | 5025229 (Security Update) |
Critical | Remote Code Execution | Yes |
| Windows 10 Version 20H2 for 32-bit Systems | 5025221 (Security Update) |
Critical | Remote Code Execution | Yes |
| Windows 10 Version 20H2 for ARM64-based Systems | 5025221 (Security Update) |
Critical | Remote Code Execution | Yes |
| Windows 10 Version 21H2 for 32-bit Systems | 5025221 (Security Update) |
Critical | Remote Code Execution | Yes |
| Windows 10 Version 21H2 for ARM64-based Systems | 5025221 (Security Update) |
Critical | Remote Code Execution | Yes |
| Windows 10 Version 21H2 for x64-based Systems | 5025221 (Security Update) |
Critical | Remote Code Execution | Yes |
| Windows 10 Version 22H2 for 32-bit Systems | 5025221 (Security Update) |
Critical | Remote Code Execution | Yes |
| Windows 10 Version 22H2 for ARM64-based Systems | 5025221 (Security Update) |
Critical | Remote Code Execution | Yes |
| Windows 10 Version 22H2 for x64-based Systems | 5025221 (Security Update) |
Critical | Remote Code Execution | Yes |
| Windows 11 version 21H2 for ARM64-based Systems | 5025224 (Security Update) |
Critical | Remote Code Execution | Yes |
| Windows 11 version 21H2 for x64-based Systems | 5025224 (Security Update) |
Critical | Remote Code Execution | Yes |
| Windows 11 Version 22H2 for ARM64-based Systems | 5025239 (Security Update) |
Critical | Remote Code Execution | Yes |
| Windows 11 Version 22H2 for x64-based Systems | 5025239 (Security Update) |
Critical | Remote Code Execution | Yes |
| Windows Server 2008 for 32-bit Systems Service Pack 2 5025271 (Monthly Rollup) 5025273 (Security Only) Critical Remote Code Execution 5023755 Base: 9.8 Temporal: 8.5 Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:U/RL:O/RC:C 6.0.6003.22015 Yes 5025271 5025273 Windows Server 2008 for 32-bit Systems Service Pack 2 (Server Core installation) 5025271 (Monthly Rollup) 5025273 (Security Only) Critical Remote Code Execution 5023755 Base: 9.8 Temporal: 8.5 Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:U/RL:O/RC:C 6.0.6003.22015 Yes 5025271 5025273 Windows Server 2008 for x64-based Systems Service Pack 2 5025271 (Monthly Rollup) 5025273 (Security Only) Critical Remote Code Execution 5023755 Base: 9.8 Temporal: 8.5 Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:U/RL:O/RC:C 6.0.6003.22015 Yes 5025271 5025273 Windows Server 2008 for x64-based Systems Service Pack 2 (Server Core installation) 5025271 (Monthly Rollup) 5025273 (Security Only) Critical Remote Code Execution 5023755 Base: 9.8 Temporal: 8.5 Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:U/RL:O/RC:C 6.0.6003.22015 Yes 5025271 5025273 Windows Server 2008 R2 for x64-based Systems Service Pack 1 5025279 (Monthly Rollup) 5025277 (Security Only) Critical Remote Code Execution 5023769 Base: 9.8 Temporal: 8.5 Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:U/RL:O/RC:C 6.1.7601.26466 Yes 5025279 5025277 Windows Server 2008 R2 for x64-based Systems Service Pack 1 (Server Core installation) 5025279 (Monthly Rollup) 5025277 (Security Only) Critical Remote Code Execution 5023769 Base: 9.8 Temporal: 8.5 Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:U/RL:O/RC:C 6.1.7601.26466 Yes 5025279 5025277 Windows Server 2012 5025287 (Monthly Rollup) 5025272 (Security Only) Critical Remote Code Execution 5023769 Base: 9.8 Temporal: 8.5 Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:U/RL:O/RC:C 6.2.9200.24216 Yes None Windows Server 2012 (Server Core installation) 5025287 (Monthly Rollup) 5025272 (Security Only) Critical Remote Code Execution 5023769 Base: 9.8 Temporal: 8.5 Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:U/RL:O/RC:C 6.2.9200.24216 Yes None Windows Server 2012 R2 5025285 (Monthly Rollup) 5025288 (Security Only) Critical Remote Code Execution 5023765 Base: 9.8 Temporal: 8.5 Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:U/RL:O/RC:C 6.3.9600.20919 Yes None Windows Server 2012 R2 (Server Core installation) 5025285 (Monthly Rollup) 5025288 (Security Only) Critical Remote Code Execution 5023765 Base: 9.8 Temporal: 8.5 Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:U/RL:O/RC:C 6.3.9600.20919 Yes None Windows Server 2016 | 5025228 (Security Update) |
Critical | Remote Code Execution | Yes |
| Windows Server 2016 (Server Core installation) | 5025228 (Security Update) |
Critical | Remote Code Execution | Yes |
| Windows Server 2019 | 5025229 (Security Update) |
Critical | Remote Code Execution | Yes |
| Windows Server 2019 (Server Core installation) | 5025229 (Security Update) |
Critical | Remote Code Execution | Yes |
| Windows Server 2022 | 5025230 (Security Update) |
Critical | Remote Code Execution | Yes |
| Windows Server 2022 (Server Core installation) | 5025230 (Security Update) |
Critical | Remote Code Execution | Yes |
Patches
7 patches
| Article | Type | Restart |
|---|---|---|
5025234 |
Security Update | Yes |
5025228 |
Security Update | Yes |
5025229 |
Security Update | Yes |
5025221 |
Security Update | Yes |
5025224 |
Security Update | Yes |
5025239 |
Security Update | Yes |
5025230 |
Security Update | Yes |
Patch Diff
ghidriff · mqqm.dll (KB5025239)
Patch diff 10.0.22621.963 -> 10.0.22621.1555 (MSMQ; safe section-pointer helpers across all header types)
| Function | Address | Change | Note |
|---|---|---|---|
KERNEL32.DLL::AcquireSRWLockExclusive |
EXTERNAL:0000011d -> EXTERNAL:00000113 |
refcount, address, calling | similarity 1.0 |
newstr |
1800a0d48 -> 1800a3208 |
length, address | similarity 1.0 |
wil_details_GetNtDllModuleHandle |
18005b828 -> 1800401c0 |
refcount, address, calling | similarity 1.0 |
CUserHeader::SectionIsValid |
18008426c -> 1800865f8 |
code, length, address, called | similarity 0.8 |
CDebugSection::SectionIsValid |
1800836d4 -> 1800858f0 |
code, length, address, called | similarity 0.43 |
CBaseMqfHeader::SectionIsValid |
1800834c0 -> 1800856a4 |
code, length, address, called | similarity 0.43 |
CXactHeader::SectionIsValid |
1800846c4 -> 180086a88 |
code, length, address, called | similarity 0.4 |
CMessageTransport::ReceiveResponseFailed |
1800a75b0 -> 1800a9a70 |
refcount, address | similarity 1.0 |
wil::details::`dynamic_initializer_for_'g_header_init_InitializeStagingHeaderInternalApi'' |
180002680 -> 1800023f0 |
code, length, address | similarity 0.9 |
wil::details::StringCchPrintfA |
1800595c0 -> 18003e5f8 |
code, length, address, called | similarity 0.38 |
CPropertyHeader::SectionIsValid |
180083d74 -> 1800860a0 |
code, length, address, called | similarity 0.54 |
__GSHandlerCheck |
180004f48 -> 180004f98 |
refcount, address | similarity 1.0 |
_guard_xfg_dispatch_icall_nop |
1800df980 -> 1800e1e40 |
refcount, address, calling | similarity 0.89 |
atexit |
1800048ac -> 1800048fc |
refcount, address, calling | similarity 1.0 |
wil::details::unique_storage<wil::details::resource_policy<_TP_TIMER*___ptr64,void_(__cdecl*)(_TP_TIMER*___ptr64),&public:_static_void___cdecl_wil::details::DestroyThreadPoolTimer<struct_wil::details::SystemThreadPoolMethods,0>::Destroy(struct__TP_TIMER*___ptr64),wistd::integral_constant<unsigned___int64,0>,_TP_TIMER*___ptr64,_TP_TIMER*___ptr64,0,std::nullptr_t>_>::reset |
18005b4a8 -> 18003f9b0 |
refcount, address, calling | similarity 1.0 |
__CxxFrameHandler4 |
180004744 -> 180004794 |
refcount, address | similarity 0.86 |
CQmPacket::CQmPacket |
1800377d8 -> 1800380ac |
code, length, address, called | similarity 0.31 |
GetSafeDataAndAdvancePointer<unsigned_long> |
180037328 -> 18003752c |
refcount, address, calling | similarity 1.0 |
wil::ProcessShutdownInProgress |
180056650 -> 18003c9d0 |
refcount, address, calling | similarity 1.0 |
CMsgDeadletterHeader::SectionIsValid |
180083a0c -> 180085cf0 |
code, length, address, called | similarity 0.41 |
KERNEL32.DLL::CreateThreadpoolTimer |
EXTERNAL:0000012a -> EXTERNAL:00000120 |
refcount, address, calling | similarity 1.0 |
CSSlNegotiation::Complete_ReadHandShakeResponse |
1800c8c30 -> 1800cb0f0 |
refcount, address | similarity 1.0 |
wistd::unique_ptr<void,wil::process_heap_deleter>::reset |
18005b484 -> 18003f98c |
refcount, address, calling | similarity 1.0 |
CUserHeader::QueueSize |
18003901c -> 18003cbe4 |
code, length, address, calling, called | similarity 0.76 |
CMsgGroupHeader::SectionIsValid |
180083b28 -> 180085e30 |
code, length, address, called | similarity 0.41 |
wil::details_abi::heap_buffer::push_back |
18005b1e0 -> 18003f884 |
refcount, address, calling | similarity 1.0 |
wil::details::EnsureCoalescedTimer_SetTimer |
180051c98 -> 18003a090 |
refcount, address, calling | similarity 1.0 |
StringCchVPrintfW |
18005963c -> 18003e644 |
code, length, address, called | similarity 0.39 |
ReportAndThrow |
180039154 -> 18003d930 |
refcount, address, calling | similarity 0.95 |
wil_details_GetKernelBaseModuleHandle |
18005b7f0 -> 180040188 |
refcount, address, calling | similarity 1.0 |
StringCchCopyA |
180049ecc -> 18003e5c0 |
code, refcount, length, address, called | similarity 0.42 |
KERNEL32.DLL::GetProcAddress |
EXTERNAL:00000109 -> EXTERNAL:00000110 |
refcount, address, calling | similarity 1.0 |
CSecurityHeader::SectionIsValid |
180083ec8 -> 180086224 |
code, length, address, called | similarity 0.77 |
wil::details::unique_storage<wil::details::resource_policy<_RTL_SRWLOCK*___ptr64,void_(__cdecl*)(_RTL_SRWLOCK*___ptr64),&void___cdecl_ReleaseSRWLockExclusive(struct__RTL_SRWLOCK*___ptr64),wistd::integral_constant<unsigned___int64,1>,_RTL_SRWLOCK*___ptr64,_RTL_SRWLOCK*___ptr64,0,std::nullptr_t>_>::~unique_storage<wil::details::resource_policy<_RTL_SRWLOCK*___ptr64,void_(__cdecl*)(_RTL_SRWLOCK*___ptr64),&void___cdecl_ReleaseSRWLockExclusive(struct__RTL_SRWLOCK*___ptr64),wistd::integral_constant<unsigned___int64,1>,_RTL_SRWLOCK*___ptr64,_RTL_SRWLOCK*___ptr64,0,std::nullptr_t>_> |
18004fb04 -> 18003908c |
refcount, address, calling | similarity 1.0 |
wil::details::unique_storage<wil::details::resource_policy<_TP_TIMER*___ptr64,void_(__cdecl*)(_TP_TIMER*___ptr64),&public:_static_void___cdecl_wil::details::DestroyThreadPoolTimer<struct_wil::details::SystemThreadPoolMethods,0>::Destroy(struct__TP_TIMER*___ptr64),wistd::integral_constant<unsigned___int64,0>,_TP_TIMER*___ptr64,_TP_TIMER*___ptr64,0,std::nullptr_t>_>::~unique_storage<wil::details::resource_policy<_TP_TIMER*___ptr64,void_(__cdecl*)(_TP_TIMER*___ptr64),&public:_static_void___cdecl_wil::details::DestroyThreadPoolTimer<struct_wil::details::SystemThreadPoolMethods,0>::Destroy(struct__TP_TIMER*___ptr64),wistd::integral_constant<unsigned___int64,0>,_TP_TIMER*___ptr64,_TP_TIMER*___ptr64,0,std::nullptr_t>_> |
18004fb54 -> 1800390dc |
refcount, address, calling | similarity 1.0 |
__GSHandlerCheck_EH4 |
1800df880 -> 1800e1d40 |
refcount, address | similarity 1.0 |
__security_check_cookie |
180004760 -> 1800047b0 |
refcount, address, calling | similarity 1.0 |
Known Exploits
No known exploits have been linked for this CVE yet. When available, exploit references will be sourced from public repositories and may be unverified, incomplete, or non-functional. Always review code carefully before use in any environment.
Acknowledgments
Haifei Li with Check Point Research
Wayne Low of Fortinet's FortiGuard Lab
References
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