CVE-2019-1406 — Jet Database Engine Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

Executive Summary

A remote code execution vulnerability exists when the Windows Jet Database Engine improperly handles objects in memory. An attacker who successfully exploited this vulnerability could execute arbitrary code on a victim system. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by enticing a victim to open a specially crafted file. The update addresses the vulnerability by correcting the way the Windows Jet Database Engine handles objects in memory.

Overview

7.8

CVSS HIGH

Important

MS Severity

Not Exploited

MS Exploit Status

Less Likely

MS Exploit Likelihood

Category Remote Code Execution

Released Nov 12 2019

Last Updated Nov 12 2019

Publicly Disclosed No

CISA KEV Not Listed

Known Exploits None Known

EPSS Score 0.12439 — 0.95786 percentile

NVD CVSS 7.8 HIGH — differs from MSRC

CVSS Vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:P/RL:O/RC:C

ATTACK VECTOR

Local

ATTACK COMPLEXITY

Low

PRIVILEGES REQUIRED

None

USER INTERACTION

Required

SCOPE

Unchanged

CONFIDENTIALITY

High

INTEGRITY

High

AVAILABILITY

High

EXPLOIT CODE MATURITY

Proof-of-Concept

REMEDIATION LEVEL

Official Fix

REPORT CONFIDENCE

Confirmed

Temporal Score: 6.0

EPSS Score

0.12439

probability of exploitation in the next 30 days

0.95786 percentile - updated 2026-07-25

View on FIRST.org

Affected Products

23 affected products

Product	KB Article	Severity	Impact	Restart Required
Windows 10 for 32-bit Systems	`4525232 (Security Update)`	Important	Remote Code Execution	Yes
Windows 10 for x64-based Systems	`4525232 (Security Update)`	Important	Remote Code Execution	Yes
Windows 10 Version 1607 for 32-bit Systems	`4525236 (Security Update)`	Important	Remote Code Execution	Yes
Windows 10 Version 1607 for x64-based Systems	`4525236 (Security Update)`	Important	Remote Code Execution	Yes
Windows 10 Version 1709 for 32-bit Systems	`4525241 (Security Update)`	Important	Remote Code Execution	Yes
Windows 10 Version 1709 for ARM64-based Systems	`4525241 (Security Update)`	Important	Remote Code Execution	Yes
Windows 10 Version 1709 for x64-based Systems	`4525241 (Security Update)`	Important	Remote Code Execution	Yes
Windows 10 Version 1803 for 32-bit Systems	`4525237 (Security Update)`	Important	Remote Code Execution	Yes
Windows 10 Version 1803 for ARM64-based Systems	`4525237 (Security Update)`	Important	Remote Code Execution	Yes
Windows 10 Version 1803 for x64-based Systems	`4525237 (Security Update)`	Important	Remote Code Execution	Yes
Windows 10 Version 1809 for 32-bit Systems	`4523205 (Security Update)`	Important	Remote Code Execution	Yes
Windows 10 Version 1809 for ARM64-based Systems	`4523205 (Security Update)`	Important	Remote Code Execution	Yes
Windows 10 Version 1809 for x64-based Systems	`4523205 (Security Update)`	Important	Remote Code Execution	Yes
Windows 10 Version 1903 for 32-bit Systems	`4524570 (Security Update)`	Important	Remote Code Execution	Yes
Windows 10 Version 1903 for ARM64-based Systems	`4524570 (Security Update)`	Important	Remote Code Execution	Yes
Windows 10 Version 1903 for x64-based Systems	`4524570 (Security Update)`	Important	Remote Code Execution	Yes
Windows 7 for 32-bit Systems Service Pack 1 4525235 (Monthly Rollup) 4525233 (Security Only) Important Remote Code Execution 4519976 Base: 6.7 Temporal: 6.0 Vector: CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:P/RL:O/RC:C Yes None Windows 7 for x64-based Systems Service Pack 1 4525235 (Monthly Rollup) 4525233 (Security Only) Important Remote Code Execution 4519976 Base: 6.7 Temporal: 6.0 Vector: CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:P/RL:O/RC:C Yes None Windows 8.1 for 32-bit systems 4525243 (Monthly Rollup) 4525250 (Security Only) Important Remote Code Execution 4520005 Base: 6.7 Temporal: 6.0 Vector: CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:P/RL:O/RC:C Yes None Windows 8.1 for x64-based systems 4525243 (Monthly Rollup) 4525250 (Security Only) Important Remote Code Execution 4520005 Base: 6.7 Temporal: 6.0 Vector: CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:P/RL:O/RC:C Yes None Windows RT 8.1	`4525243 (Monthly Rollup)`	Important	Remote Code Execution	Yes
Windows Server 2008 for 32-bit Systems Service Pack 2 4525234 (Monthly Rollup) 4525239 (Security Only) Important Remote Code Execution 4520002 Base: 6.7 Temporal: 6.0 Vector: CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:P/RL:O/RC:C Yes None Windows Server 2008 for 32-bit Systems Service Pack 2 (Server Core installation) 4525234 (Monthly Rollup) 4525239 (Security Only) Important Remote Code Execution 4520002 Base: 6.7 Temporal: 6.0 Vector: CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:P/RL:O/RC:C Yes None Windows Server 2008 for Itanium-Based Systems Service Pack 2 4525234 (Monthly Rollup) 4525239 (Security Only) Important Remote Code Execution 4520002 Base: 6.7 Temporal: 6.0 Vector: CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:P/RL:O/RC:C Yes None Windows Server 2008 for x64-based Systems Service Pack 2 4525234 (Monthly Rollup) 4525239 (Security Only) Important Remote Code Execution 4520002 Base: 6.7 Temporal: 6.0 Vector: CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:P/RL:O/RC:C Yes None Windows Server 2008 for x64-based Systems Service Pack 2 (Server Core installation) 4525234 (Monthly Rollup) 4525239 (Security Only) Important Remote Code Execution 4520002 Base: 6.7 Temporal: 6.0 Vector: CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:P/RL:O/RC:C Yes None Windows Server 2008 R2 for Itanium-Based Systems Service Pack 1 4525235 (Monthly Rollup) 4525233 (Security Only) Important Remote Code Execution 4519976 4520003 Base: 6.7 Temporal: 6.0 Vector: CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:P/RL:O/RC:C Yes None Windows Server 2008 R2 for x64-based Systems Service Pack 1 4525235 (Monthly Rollup) 4525233 (Security Only) Important Remote Code Execution 4519976 Base: 6.7 Temporal: 6.0 Vector: CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:P/RL:O/RC:C Yes None Windows Server 2008 R2 for x64-based Systems Service Pack 1 (Server Core installation) 4525235 (Monthly Rollup) 4525233 (Security Only) Important Remote Code Execution 4519976 Base: 6.7 Temporal: 6.0 Vector: CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:P/RL:O/RC:C Yes None Windows Server 2012 4525246 (Monthly Rollup) 4525253 (Security Only) Important Remote Code Execution 4520007 4519985 Base: 6.7 Temporal: 6.0 Vector: CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:P/RL:O/RC:C Yes None Windows Server 2012 (Server Core installation) 4525246 (Monthly Rollup) 4525253 (Security Only) Important Remote Code Execution 4520007 4519985 Base: 6.7 Temporal: 6.0 Vector: CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:P/RL:O/RC:C Yes None Windows Server 2012 R2 4525243 (Monthly Rollup) 4525250 (Security Only) Important Remote Code Execution 4520005 Base: 6.7 Temporal: 6.0 Vector: CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:P/RL:O/RC:C Yes None Windows Server 2012 R2 (Server Core installation) 4525243 (Monthly Rollup) 4525250 (Security Only) Important Remote Code Execution 4520005 Base: 6.7 Temporal: 6.0 Vector: CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:P/RL:O/RC:C Yes None Windows Server 2016	`4525236 (Security Update)`	Important	Remote Code Execution	Yes
Windows Server 2016 (Server Core installation)	`4525236 (Security Update)`	Important	Remote Code Execution	Yes
Windows Server 2019	`4523205 (Security Update)`	Important	Remote Code Execution	Yes
Windows Server 2019 (Server Core installation)	`4523205 (Security Update)`	Important	Remote Code Execution	Yes
Windows Server, version 1709 (Server Core Installation) Unknown Unknown None Base: 6.7 Temporal: 6.0 Vector: CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:P/RL:O/RC:C Unknown Unknown None Windows Server, version 1803 (Server Core Installation)	`4525237 (Security Update)`	Important	Remote Code Execution	Yes
Windows Server, version 1903 (Server Core installation)	`4524570 (Security Update)`	Important	Remote Code Execution	Yes

Patches

7 patches

Article	Type	Restart
`4525232`	Security Update	Yes
`4525236`	Security Update	Yes
`4525241`	Security Update	Yes
`4525237`	Security Update	Yes
`4523205`	Security Update	Yes
`4524570`	Security Update	Yes
`4525243`	Monthly Rollup	Yes

Known Exploits

No known exploits have been linked for this CVE yet. When available, exploit references will be sourced from public repositories and may be unverified, incomplete, or non-functional. Always review code carefully before use in any environment.

Acknowledgments

kdot
Shih-Fong Peng (@_L4ys)
Bar Lahav and Gal De Leon of Palo Alto Networks
ADLab of Venustech
CodeBreaker & Meysam Firouzi of STAR Labs (Security Technologies and Advanced Research Labs Pte. Ltd.)

References

MSRC Advisory MITRE NVD