Important CVSS 8.8 EPSS 0.15421 2019-02 archive

Executive Summary

A remote code execution vulnerability exists in .NET Framework and Visual Studio software when the software fails to check the source markup of a file. An attacker who successfully exploited the vulnerability could run arbitrary code in the context of the current user. If the current user is logged on with administrative user rights, an attacker could take control of the affected system. An attacker could then install programs; view, change, or delete data; or create new accounts with full user rights. Users whose accounts are configured to have fewer user rights on the system could be less impacted than users who operate with administrative user rights. Exploitation of the vulnerability requires that a user open a specially crafted file with an affected version of .NET Framework or Visual Studio. In an email attack scenario, an attacker could exploit the vulnerability by sending the specially crafted file to the user and convincing the user to open the file. The security update addresses the vulnerability by correcting how .NET Framework and Visual Studio check the source markup of a file.

Overview

8.8
CVSS HIGH
Important
MS Severity
Not Exploited
MS Exploit Status
Less Likely
MS Exploit Likelihood
Category Remote Code Execution
Released Feb 12 2019
Last Updated Feb 12 2019
Publicly Disclosed No
CISA KEV Not Listed
Known Exploits None Known
EPSS Score 0.15421 — 0.9644 percentile
NVD CVSS 8.8 HIGH — differs from MSRC

CVSS Vector

CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
ATTACK VECTOR
Network
ATTACK COMPLEXITY
Low
PRIVILEGES REQUIRED
None
USER INTERACTION
Required
SCOPE
Unchanged

EPSS Score

0.15421
probability of exploitation in the next 30 days
0.9644 percentile - updated 2026-07-25
View on FIRST.org

Affected Products

44 affected products
Product KB Article Severity Impact Restart Required
Microsoft .NET Framework 2.0 Service Pack 2 on Windows Server 2008 for 32-bit Systems Service Pack 2 4487081 (Monthly Rollup) 4487124 (Security Only) Important Remote Code Execution 4481487; 4481491 Base: N/A Temporal: N/A Vector: N/A Maybe None Microsoft .NET Framework 2.0 Service Pack 2 on Windows Server 2008 for x64-based Systems Service Pack 2 4487081 (Monthly Rollup) 4487124 (Security Only) Important Remote Code Execution 4481487; 4481491 Base: N/A Temporal: N/A Vector: N/A Maybe None Microsoft .NET Framework 3.0 Service Pack 2 on Windows Server 2008 for 32-bit Systems Service Pack 2 4487081 (Monthly Rollup) 4487124 (Security Only) Important Remote Code Execution 4481487; 4481491 Base: N/A Temporal: N/A Vector: N/A Maybe None Microsoft .NET Framework 3.0 Service Pack 2 on Windows Server 2008 for Itanium-Based Systems Service Pack 2 4487081 (Monthly Rollup) 4487124 (Security Only) Important Remote Code Execution 4467227; 4481487 Base: N/A Temporal: N/A Vector: N/A Maybe None Microsoft .NET Framework 3.0 Service Pack 2 on Windows Server 2008 for x64-based Systems Service Pack 2 4487081 (Monthly Rollup) 4487124 (Security Only) Important Remote Code Execution 4481487; 4481491 Base: N/A Temporal: N/A Vector: N/A Maybe None Microsoft .NET Framework 3.5 on Windows 10 for 32-bit Systems 4487018 (Security Update) Important Remote Code Execution Yes
Microsoft .NET Framework 3.5 on Windows 10 for x64-based Systems 4487018 (Security Update) Important Remote Code Execution Yes
Microsoft .NET Framework 3.5 on Windows 10 Version 1607 for 32-bit Systems 4487026 (Security Update) Important Remote Code Execution Yes
Microsoft .NET Framework 3.5 on Windows 10 Version 1607 for x64-based Systems 4487026 (Security Update) Important Remote Code Execution Yes
Microsoft .NET Framework 3.5 on Windows 10 Version 1703 for 32-bit Systems 4487020 (Security Update) Important Remote Code Execution Yes
Microsoft .NET Framework 3.5 on Windows 10 Version 1703 for x64-based Systems 4487020 (Security Update) Important Remote Code Execution Yes
Microsoft .NET Framework 3.5 on Windows 10 Version 1709 for 32-bit Systems 4486996 (Security Update) Important Remote Code Execution Yes
Microsoft .NET Framework 3.5 on Windows 10 Version 1709 for ARM64-based Systems 4486996 (Security Update) Important Remote Code Execution Yes
Microsoft .NET Framework 3.5 on Windows 10 Version 1709 for x64-based Systems 4486996 (Security Update) Important Remote Code Execution Yes
Microsoft .NET Framework 3.5 on Windows 10 Version 1803 for 32-bit Systems 4487017 (Security Update) Important Remote Code Execution Yes
Microsoft .NET Framework 3.5 on Windows 10 Version 1803 for ARM64-based Systems 4487017 (Security Update) Important Remote Code Execution Yes
Microsoft .NET Framework 3.5 on Windows 10 Version 1803 for x64-based Systems 4487017 (Security Update) Important Remote Code Execution Yes
Microsoft .NET Framework 3.5 on Windows 10 Version 1809 for 32-bit Systems 4483452 (Monthly Rollup) Important Remote Code Execution Yes
Microsoft .NET Framework 3.5 on Windows 10 Version 1809 for x64-based Systems 4483452 (Monthly Rollup) Important Remote Code Execution Yes
Microsoft .NET Framework 3.5 on Windows 8.1 for 32-bit systems 4483450 (Monthly Rollup) 4487123 (Security Only) Important Remote Code Execution 4481485; 4481490 Base: N/A Temporal: N/A Vector: N/A Maybe None Microsoft .NET Framework 3.5 on Windows 8.1 for x64-based systems 4483450 (Monthly Rollup) 4487123 (Security Only) Important Remote Code Execution 4481485; 4481490 Base: N/A Temporal: N/A Vector: N/A Maybe None Microsoft .NET Framework 3.5 on Windows Server 2012 4487079 (Monthly Rollup) 4487122 (Security Only) Important Remote Code Execution 4481483; 4481489 Base: N/A Temporal: N/A Vector: N/A Maybe None Microsoft .NET Framework 3.5 on Windows Server 2012 (Server Core installation) 4487079 (Monthly Rollup) 4487122 (Security Only) Important Remote Code Execution 4481483; 4481489 Base: N/A Temporal: N/A Vector: N/A Maybe None Microsoft .NET Framework 3.5 on Windows Server 2012 R2 4483450 (Monthly Rollup) 4487123 (Security Only) Important Remote Code Execution 4481485; 4481490 Base: N/A Temporal: N/A Vector: N/A Maybe None Microsoft .NET Framework 3.5 on Windows Server 2012 R2 (Server Core installation) 4483450 (Monthly Rollup) 4487123 (Security Only) Important Remote Code Execution 4481485; 4481490 Base: N/A Temporal: N/A Vector: N/A Maybe None Microsoft .NET Framework 3.5 on Windows Server 2016 4487026 (Security Update) Important Remote Code Execution Yes
Microsoft .NET Framework 3.5 on Windows Server 2016 (Server Core installation) 4487026 (Security Update) Important Remote Code Execution Yes
Microsoft .NET Framework 3.5 on Windows Server 2019 4483452 (Monthly Rollup) Important Remote Code Execution Yes
Microsoft .NET Framework 3.5 on Windows Server 2019 (Server Core installation) 4483452 (Monthly Rollup) Important Remote Code Execution Yes
Microsoft .NET Framework 3.5 on Windows Server, version 1709 (Server Core Installation) 4486996 (Security Update) Important Remote Code Execution Yes
Microsoft .NET Framework 3.5 on Windows Server, version 1803 (Server Core Installation) 4487017 (Security Update) Important Remote Code Execution Yes
Microsoft .NET Framework 3.5.1 on Windows 7 for 32-bit Systems Service Pack 1 4487078 (Monthly Rollup) 4487121 (Security Only) Important Remote Code Execution 4481481; 4481488 Base: N/A Temporal: N/A Vector: N/A Maybe None Microsoft .NET Framework 3.5.1 on Windows 7 for x64-based Systems Service Pack 1 4487078 (Monthly Rollup) 4487121 (Security Only) Important Remote Code Execution 4481481; 4481488 Base: N/A Temporal: N/A Vector: N/A Maybe None Microsoft .NET Framework 3.5.1 on Windows Server 2008 R2 for Itanium-Based Systems Service Pack 1 4487078 (Monthly Rollup) 4487121 (Security Only) Important Remote Code Execution 4467224; 4481481 Base: N/A Temporal: N/A Vector: N/A Maybe None Microsoft .NET Framework 3.5.1 on Windows Server 2008 R2 for x64-based Systems Service Pack 1 4487078 (Monthly Rollup) 4487121 (Security Only) Important Remote Code Execution 4481481; 4481488 Base: N/A Temporal: N/A Vector: N/A Maybe None Microsoft .NET Framework 3.5.1 on Windows Server 2008 R2 for x64-based Systems Service Pack 1 (Server Core installation) 4487078 (Monthly Rollup) 4487121 (Security Only) Important Remote Code Execution 4481481; 4481488 Base: N/A Temporal: N/A Vector: N/A Maybe None Microsoft .NET Framework 4.5.2 on Windows 7 for 32-bit Systems Service Pack 1 4487078 (Monthly Rollup) 4487121 (Security Only) Important Remote Code Execution 4481481; 4481488 Base: N/A Temporal: N/A Vector: N/A Maybe None Microsoft .NET Framework 4.5.2 on Windows 7 for x64-based Systems Service Pack 1 4487078 (Monthly Rollup) 4487121 (Security Only) Important Remote Code Execution 4481481; 4481488 Base: N/A Temporal: N/A Vector: N/A Maybe None Microsoft .NET Framework 4.5.2 on Windows 8.1 for 32-bit systems 4483450 (Monthly Rollup) 4487123 (Security Only) Important Remote Code Execution 4481485; 4481490 Base: N/A Temporal: N/A Vector: N/A Maybe None Microsoft .NET Framework 4.5.2 on Windows 8.1 for x64-based systems 4483450 (Monthly Rollup) 4487123 (Security Only) Important Remote Code Execution 4481485; 4481490 Base: N/A Temporal: N/A Vector: N/A Maybe None Microsoft .NET Framework 4.5.2 on Windows RT 8.1 4483450 (Monthly Rollup) Important Remote Code Execution Maybe
Microsoft .NET Framework 4.5.2 on Windows Server 2008 for 32-bit Systems Service Pack 2 4487081 (Monthly Rollup) 4487124 (Security Only) Important Remote Code Execution Base: N/A Temporal: N/A Vector: N/A Maybe None Microsoft .NET Framework 4.5.2 on Windows Server 2008 for x64-based Systems Service Pack 2 4487081 (Monthly Rollup) 4487124 (Security Only) Important Remote Code Execution Base: N/A Temporal: N/A Vector: N/A Maybe None Microsoft .NET Framework 4.5.2 on Windows Server 2008 R2 for x64-based Systems Service Pack 1 4487078 (Monthly Rollup) 4487121 (Security Only) Important Remote Code Execution 4481481; 4481488 Base: N/A Temporal: N/A Vector: N/A Maybe None Microsoft .NET Framework 4.5.2 on Windows Server 2008 R2 for x64-based Systems Service Pack 1 (Server Core installation) 4487078 (Monthly Rollup) 4487121 (Security Only) Important Remote Code Execution 4481481; 4481488 Base: N/A Temporal: N/A Vector: N/A Maybe None Microsoft .NET Framework 4.5.2 on Windows Server 2012 4487079 (Monthly Rollup) 4487122 (Security Only) Important Remote Code Execution 4481483; 4481489 Base: N/A Temporal: N/A Vector: N/A Maybe None Microsoft .NET Framework 4.5.2 on Windows Server 2012 (Server Core installation) 4487079 (Monthly Rollup) 4487122 (Security Only) Important Remote Code Execution 4481483; 4481489 Base: N/A Temporal: N/A Vector: N/A Maybe None Microsoft .NET Framework 4.5.2 on Windows Server 2012 R2 4483450 (Monthly Rollup) 4487123 (Security Only) Important Remote Code Execution 4481485; 4481490 Base: N/A Temporal: N/A Vector: N/A Maybe None Microsoft .NET Framework 4.5.2 on Windows Server 2012 R2 (Server Core installation) 4483450 (Monthly Rollup) 4487123 (Security Only) Important Remote Code Execution 4481485; 4481490 Base: N/A Temporal: N/A Vector: N/A Maybe None Microsoft .NET Framework 4.6 on Windows Server 2008 for 32-bit Systems Service Pack 2 4487081 (Monthly Rollup) 4487124 (Security Only) Important Remote Code Execution Base: N/A Temporal: N/A Vector: N/A Maybe None Microsoft .NET Framework 4.6 on Windows Server 2008 for x64-based Systems Service Pack 2 4487081 (Monthly Rollup) 4487124 (Security Only) Important Remote Code Execution Base: N/A Temporal: N/A Vector: N/A Maybe None Microsoft .NET Framework 4.6.2/4.7/4.7.1/4.7.2 on Windows 10 Version 1607 for 32-bit Systems 4487026 (Security Update) Important Remote Code Execution Yes
Microsoft .NET Framework 4.6.2/4.7/4.7.1/4.7.2 on Windows 10 Version 1607 for x64-based Systems 4487026 (Security Update) Important Remote Code Execution Yes
Microsoft .NET Framework 4.6.2/4.7/4.7.1/4.7.2 on Windows Server 2016 4487026 (Security Update) Important Remote Code Execution Yes
Microsoft .NET Framework 4.6.2/4.7/4.7.1/4.7.2 on Windows Server 2016 (Server Core installation) 4487026 (Security Update) Important Remote Code Execution Yes
Microsoft .NET Framework 4.6/4.6.1/4.6.2 on Windows 10 for 32-bit Systems 4487018 (Security Update) Important Remote Code Execution Yes
Microsoft .NET Framework 4.6/4.6.1/4.6.2 on Windows 10 for x64-based Systems 4487018 (Security Update) Important Remote Code Execution Yes
Microsoft .NET Framework 4.6/4.6.1/4.6.2/4.7/4.7.1/4.7.2 on Windows 7 for 32-bit Systems Service Pack 1 4487078 (Monthly Rollup) 4487121 (Security Only) Important Remote Code Execution 4481481; 4481488 Base: N/A Temporal: N/A Vector: N/A Maybe None Microsoft .NET Framework 4.6/4.6.1/4.6.2/4.7/4.7.1/4.7.2 on Windows 7 for x64-based Systems Service Pack 1 4487078 (Monthly Rollup) 4487121 (Security Only) Important Remote Code Execution 4481481; 4481488 Base: N/A Temporal: N/A Vector: N/A Maybe None Microsoft .NET Framework 4.6/4.6.1/4.6.2/4.7/4.7.1/4.7.2 on Windows 8.1 for 32-bit systems 4483450 (Monthly Rollup) 4487123 (Security Only) Important Remote Code Execution 4481485; 4481490 Base: N/A Temporal: N/A Vector: N/A Maybe None Microsoft .NET Framework 4.6/4.6.1/4.6.2/4.7/4.7.1/4.7.2 on Windows 8.1 for x64-based systems 4483450 (Monthly Rollup) 4487123 (Security Only) Important Remote Code Execution 4481485; 4481490 Base: N/A Temporal: N/A Vector: N/A Maybe None Microsoft .NET Framework 4.6/4.6.1/4.6.2/4.7/4.7.1/4.7.2 on Windows RT 8.1 4483450 (Monthly Rollup) Important Remote Code Execution Maybe
Microsoft .NET Framework 4.6/4.6.1/4.6.2/4.7/4.7.1/4.7.2 on Windows Server 2008 R2 for x64-based Systems Service Pack 1 4487078 (Monthly Rollup) 4487121 (Security Only) Important Remote Code Execution 4481481; 4481488 Base: N/A Temporal: N/A Vector: N/A Maybe None Microsoft .NET Framework 4.6/4.6.1/4.6.2/4.7/4.7.1/4.7.2 on Windows Server 2008 R2 for x64-based Systems Service Pack 1 (Server Core installation) 4487078 (Monthly Rollup) 4487121 (Security Only) Important Remote Code Execution 4481481; 4481488 Base: N/A Temporal: N/A Vector: N/A Maybe None Microsoft .NET Framework 4.6/4.6.1/4.6.2/4.7/4.7.1/4.7.2 on Windows Server 2012 4487079 (Monthly Rollup) 4487122 (Security Only) Important Remote Code Execution 4481483; 4481489 Base: N/A Temporal: N/A Vector: N/A Maybe None Microsoft .NET Framework 4.6/4.6.1/4.6.2/4.7/4.7.1/4.7.2 on Windows Server 2012 (Server Core installation) 4487079 (Monthly Rollup) 4487122 (Security Only) Important Remote Code Execution 4481483; 4481489 Base: N/A Temporal: N/A Vector: N/A Maybe None Microsoft .NET Framework 4.6/4.6.1/4.6.2/4.7/4.7.1/4.7.2 on Windows Server 2012 R2 4483450 (Monthly Rollup) 4487123 (Security Only) Important Remote Code Execution 4481485; 4481490 Base: N/A Temporal: N/A Vector: N/A Maybe None Microsoft .NET Framework 4.6/4.6.1/4.6.2/4.7/4.7.1/4.7.2 on Windows Server 2012 R2 (Server Core installation) 4483450 (Monthly Rollup) 4487123 (Security Only) Important Remote Code Execution 4481485; 4481490 Base: N/A Temporal: N/A Vector: N/A Maybe None Microsoft .NET Framework 4.7.1/4.7.2 on Windows 10 Version 1709 for 32-bit Systems 4486996 (Security Update) Important Remote Code Execution Yes
Microsoft .NET Framework 4.7.1/4.7.2 on Windows 10 Version 1709 for ARM64-based Systems 4486996 (Security Update) Important Remote Code Execution Yes
Microsoft .NET Framework 4.7.1/4.7.2 on Windows 10 Version 1709 for x64-based Systems 4486996 (Security Update) Important Remote Code Execution Yes
Microsoft .NET Framework 4.7.1/4.7.2 on Windows Server, version 1709 (Server Core Installation) 4486996 (Security Update) Important Remote Code Execution Yes
Microsoft .NET Framework 4.7.2 on Windows 10 Version 1803 for 32-bit Systems 4487017 (Security Update) Important Remote Code Execution Yes
Microsoft .NET Framework 4.7.2 on Windows 10 Version 1803 for ARM64-based Systems 4487017 (Security Update) Important Remote Code Execution Yes
Microsoft .NET Framework 4.7.2 on Windows 10 Version 1803 for x64-based Systems 4487017 (Security Update) Important Remote Code Execution Yes
Microsoft .NET Framework 4.7.2 on Windows 10 Version 1809 for 32-bit Systems 4483452 (Monthly Rollup) Important Remote Code Execution Yes
Microsoft .NET Framework 4.7.2 on Windows 10 Version 1809 for x64-based Systems 4483452 (Monthly Rollup) Important Remote Code Execution Yes
Microsoft .NET Framework 4.7.2 on Windows Server 2019 4483452 (Monthly Rollup) Important Remote Code Execution Yes
Microsoft .NET Framework 4.7.2 on Windows Server 2019 (Server Core installation) 4483452 (Monthly Rollup) Important Remote Code Execution Yes
Microsoft .NET Framework 4.7.2 on Windows Server, version 1803 (Server Core Installation) 4487017 (Security Update) Important Remote Code Execution Yes
Microsoft .NET Framework 4.7/4.7.1/4.7.2 on Windows 10 Version 1703 for 32-bit Systems 4487020 (Security Update) Important Remote Code Execution Yes
Microsoft .NET Framework 4.7/4.7.1/4.7.2 on Windows 10 Version 1703 for x64-based Systems 4487020 (Security Update) Important Remote Code Execution Yes
Microsoft Visual Studio 2017 Release Notes (Security Update) Important Remote Code Execution Maybe
Microsoft Visual Studio 2017 version 15.9 (includes 15.0 - 15.8) Release Notes (Security Update) Important Remote Code Execution Maybe

Patches

8 patches
Article Type Restart
4487018 Security Update Yes
4487026 Security Update Yes
4487020 Security Update Yes
4486996 Security Update Yes
4487017 Security Update Yes
4483452 Monthly Rollup Yes
4483450 Monthly Rollup Maybe
Release Notes Security Update Maybe

Known Exploits

Acknowledgments